- C++ Programming Examples
- C++ Programming Examples
- C++: Hello World
- C++: Get Input
- C++: Print Integer
- C++: Add two numbers
- C++: Add, Sub, Multiply, Div
- C++: Add Digits
- C++: Find Average and Percentage
- C++: Find Arithmetic Mean
- C++: Sum of n Natural Numbers
- C++: Sum of n Numbers
- C++: Square's Area and Perimeter
- C++: Rectangle's Area and Perimeter
- C++: Triangle's Area and Perimeter
- C++: Area and Circumference
- C++: Find Simple Interest
- C++: Fahrenheit to Celsius
- C++: Celsius to Fahrenheit
- C++: Print Prime Numbers
- C++: Reverse a Number
- C++: Swap Two Numbers
- C++: Print Multiplication Table
- C++: Find Factorial of a Number
- C++: Find Factors of a Number
- C++: Find HCF and LCM
- C++: Create a Calculator
- C++: Count Digits in a Number
- C++: First and Last Digit Sum
- C++: Product of Number Digits
- C++: Sum of Squares of Digits
- C++: Interchange Digits of Number
- C++ if-else Programs
- C++: Check Even or Odd
- C++: Check Prime or Not
- C++: Check Alphabet or Not
- C++: Check Vowel or Not
- C++: Check Leap Year or Not
- C++: Check Reverse equals Original
- C++: Check Perfect Number
- C++: Check Palindrome or Not
- C++: Check Armstrong or Not
- C++: Divisibility Test
- C++: Find Labor Wage
- C++: Find Discounted Price
- C++: Find Shipping Charge
- C++: Find Telephone Bills
- C++: Calculate Student Grade
- C++: Largest of Two Numbers
- C++: Largest of Three Numbers
- C++ Number Conversion
- C++: Decimal to Binary
- C++: Decimal to Octal
- C++: Decimal to Hexadecimal
- C++: Binary to Decimal
- C++: Binary to Octal
- C++: Binary to Hexadecimal
- C++: Octal to Decimal
- C++: Octal to Binary
- C++: Octal to Hexadecimal
- C++: Hexadecimal to Decimal
- C++: Hexadecimal to Binary
- C++: Hexadecimal to Octal
- C++ Pattern Programs
- C++: Pattern Programs
- C++: Print Diamond Pattern
- C++: Print Floyd's Triangle
- C++: Print Pascal's Triangle
- C++ Array Programs
- C++: 1D Array Program
- C++: Linear Search
- C++: Binary Search
- C++: Largest Element in an Array
- C++: Smallest Element in an Array
- C++: Find Second Largest Element
- C++: Find Second Smallest Element
- C++: Sum of All Elements
- C++: Multiply All Elements
- C++: Element in Even Position
- C++: Element in Odd Position
- C++: Print Even Numbers in Array
- C++: Print Odd Numbers in Array
- C++: Count Even or Odd Numbers
- C++: Sum of Even or Odd Numbers
- C++: Count Positive, Negative, Zero
- C++: Reverse an Array
- C++: Insert an Element
- C++: Delete an Element
- C++: Merge two Arrays
- C++: Bubble Sort
- C++: Selection Sort
- C++: Insertion Sort
- C++: Common Elements
- C++: 2D Array Programs
- C++: Add Two Matrices
- C++: Subtract Two Matrices
- C++: Transpose Matrix
- C++: Multiply Two Matrices
- C++: 3D Array Programs
- C++ String Programs
- C++: Print String
- C++: Find String Length
- C++: Compare Two Strings
- C++: Copy String
- C++: String Concatenation
- C++: Reverse a String
- C++: Delete Vowels from a String
- C++: Delete a Word from a String
- C++: Count Characters in a String
- C++: Count Words in a String
- C++: Frequency of Words
- C++: Remove Spaces from Strings
- C++: Sort a String
- C++: Uppercase to Lowercase
- C++: Lowercase to Uppercase
- C++: Swap Two Strings
- C++: Check the Anagram or Not
- C++: Capitalize All Words in a String
- C++: Get Numbers from a String
- C++ File Programs
- C++: Read a File
- C++: Write Content to a File
- C++: Append Data to a File
- C++: Read and Display File
- C++: Copy a File
- C++: Merge Two Files
- Count Characters in a File
- C++: Capitalize Every Word
- C++: List Files in Directory
- C++: Delete a File
- C++: Encrypt and Decrypt a File
- C++ Misc Programs
- C++: Print ASCII Value
- C++: Add Binary Numbers
- C++: Generate Random Numbers
- C++: Print a Smiling Face
- C++: Days into Years and Months
- C++: Add Two Numbers using Pointer
- C++: Print Fibonacci Series
- C++: Generate Armstrong Numbers
- C++: Find nCr and nPr
- C++: Get IP Address
- C++: Print Date and Time
- C++: Shutdown and Restart Computer
- C++ Programming Tutorial
- C++ Tutorial
C++ Program to Transpose a Matrix
In this article, you will learn and get code to find the transposition of a matrix entered by a user using a C++ program. Here is the list of programs available in this article:
How to Find the Transpose of a Matrix
The transposition of a matrix can be calculated by interchanging rows and columns. For example, if the value of a matrix, say Matrix A, is:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Then its transpose (AT) will be:
1 4 7 2 5 8 3 6 9
In C++, find the transpose of a 3*3 matrix
To transpose any matrix in C++ programming, you have to ask the user to enter elements of the matrix. To transpose that matrix, simply replace row with column and column with row. Then display or print the transposition of the given matrix on the output, as shown here in the following program:
#include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int mat[3][3], i, j, matT[3][3]; cout<<"Enter 9 Elements for 3*3 Matrix: "; for(i=0; i<3; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) cin>>mat[i][j]; } cout<<"\nOriginal Matrix is:\n"; for(i=0; i<3; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) cout<<mat[i][j]<<" "; cout<<endl; } // copying the transpose of given matrix to matT[][] for(i=0; i<3; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) matT[j][i] = mat[i][j]; } cout<<"\nTranspose of Given Matrix is:\n"; for(i=0; i<3; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) cout<<matT[i][j]<<" "; cout<<endl; } cout<<endl; return 0; }
This program was built and runs under the Code::Blocks IDE. Here is its sample run:
Now supply the input as nine elements. Here is the sample output after supplying 9 elements:
The following block of code:
for(i=0; i<3; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) matT[j][i] = mat[i][j]; }
copies the transpose of the given matrix mat[][] to matT[][]. Therefore the dry run of this block of code with the user inputs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 goes like this:
- Because the user enters these 9 elements as inputs, they get stored in mat[][] in this way:
- mat[0][0]=1
- mat[0][1]=2
- mat[0][2]=3
- mat[1][0]=4
- mat[1][1]=5
- and so on up until
- mat[2][2]=9
- Let's get to the code that copies the matrix's transpose to matT[][]. Initially, 0 gets initialized to i, and the condition i<3 or 0<3 evaluates to be true. Therefore, program flow goes inside the loop.
- Inside the loop, there is another for loop. So 0 gets initialized to j, and the condition j<3 or 0<3 evaluates to be true, therefore program flow goes inside this loop, and mat[i][j] or mat[0][0] or 1 gets initialized to matT[j][i] or matT[0][0]. So matT[0][0]=1
- Now the program flow goes to the update part of the inner for loop and increments the value of j. As a result, j=1 and the condition j<3 or 1<3 evaluates to true once more.
- Therefore, program flow goes inside the loop again, and mat[i][j] or mat[0][1] or 2 gets initialized to matT[j][i] or matT[1][0]. So mat[1][0]=2
- Now the program flow again goes to the update of the inner for loop and increments the value of j. So j=2 and the condition j<3 evaluates to be true again, therefore program flow goes inside the loop again. This process continues until the condition is evaluated as false.
- When the condition of the inner for loop evaluates to be false, then program flow goes to the update part of the outer for loop and increments the value of i. So i=1, and the condition i<3 or 1<3 evaluates to be true again, therefore program flow goes inside the loop. This process continues until the condition is evaluated as false.
- The transpose of matrix mat[][] is thus copied to matT[][].
- As a result, simply print the value of matT[][].
Allow the user to specify the dimensions of the matrix
This program is similar to the previous program. The only difference is that here we've allowed the user to enter the dimension of the matrix along with its elements before finding and printing the transposition of the given matrix:
#include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int mat[10][10], matT[10][10]; int matRow, matCol, i, j; cout<<"Enter Row and Column Size of Matrix: "; cin>>matRow>>matCol; cout<<"Enter "<<matRow*matCol<<" Elements for "<<matRow<<"*"<<matCol<<" Matrix: "; for(i=0; i<matRow; i++) { for(j=0; j<matCol; j++) cin>>mat[i][j]; } cout<<"\nOriginal Matrix is:\n"; for(i=0; i<matRow; i++) { for(j=0; j<matCol; j++) cout<<mat[i][j]<<" "; cout<<endl; } // copying the transpose of given matrix to matT[][] for(i=0; i<matRow; i++) { for(j=0; j<matCol; j++) matT[j][i] = mat[i][j]; } cout<<"\nTranspose of Given Matrix is:\n"; for(i=0; i<matCol; i++) { for(j=0; j<matRow; j++) cout<<matT[i][j]<<" "; cout<<endl; } cout<<endl; return 0; }
Here is its sample run with user inputs 2 and 4 as dimensions. That is, 2 as row size and 4 as column size, then 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 as its 8 elements. Here is the sample run with these inputs:
The same program in different languages
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