Python Program to Capitalize each Word in a String

In this article, we've created some programs in Python, to capitalize each words in a string entered by user. Here are the list of programs:

• Capitalize First letter of each Word of Given String
• Capitalize First letter of each Word using List
• Capitalize all Words of String using list and upper()
• Using title()

Capitalize First Letter of Each Word of Given String

This program capitalizes first letter of each word of a string entered by user. The question is, write a Python program to capitalize each word of given string. Here is its answer:

print("Enter the String: ")
text = str(input())
textLen = len(text)
for i in range(textLen):
    ch = text[i]
    if i==0:
        ascVal = ord(ch)
        if ascVal>=97 and ascVal<=122:
            ascVal = ascVal-32
            ascVal = chr(ascVal)
            index = 0
            text = text[:index] + ascVal + text[index+1:]
    if ch==" ":
        ch = text[i+1]
        ascVal = ord(ch)
        if ascVal>=97 and ascVal<=122:
            ascVal = ascVal-32
            ascVal = chr(ascVal)
            index = i+1
            text = text[:index] + ascVal + text[index+1:]
print("\nThe New String is:")
print(text)

Here is its sample run:

Now supply the string say welcome to python and press ENTER key to capitalize all the three words of given string as shown in the snapshot given below:

Note - The ord() function is used to convert a character to an integer (ASCII Value). Because it returns the Unicode of a character passed as its argument.

Note - The chr() is used to return equivalent character of Unicode value passed as its argument.

The dry run of above program with user input welcome to python goes like:

• When user enters the string, it gets stored to text. So text="welcome to python"
• len(text) or len(welcome to python) or 17 gets initialized to textLen
• Now the execution of for loop begins. The range() method returns a sequence of values starting with 0 and increments by 1 by default. It stops before the value specified as its argument
• At first execution, i=0 and the condition i<textLen or 0<17 evaluates to be true, therefore program flow goes inside the loop
• text[i] or text[0] or w gets initialized to ch
• The condition (of if) i==0 or 0==0 evaluates to be true, therefore program flow goes inside the if's body
• And ord(ch) or ord(w) or 119 (Unicode of w) gets initialized to ascVal
• Now the first condition (of second if) ascVal>=97 or 119>=97 evaluates to be true, and the second condition (of second if) ascVal<=122 or 119<=122 evaluates to be true. Since both condition evaluates to be true, therefore program flow goes inside the second if's body
• ascVal-32 or 119-32 or 87 (ASCII value of capital W) gets initialized to ascVal
• chr(ascVal) or chr(87) or W gets initialized to ascVal
• 0 gets initialized to index. And the following statement
  text = text[:index] + ascVal + text[index+1:]
  states that the character of index^th or 0^th index of text gets capitalized
• Now the condition (of another if) ch==" " gets evaluated, since ch's value is not equal to a space right now, therefore the condition evaluates to be false, and the program flow goes back (to for loop) and increments the value of i. That is, now i's value becomes 1 and checks whether it is less than textLen or not
• Since the condition i<textLen or 1<17 evaluates to be true again, therefore program flow again goes inside the loop. This process continues until the condition evaluates to be false
• In this way, each word of given string gets capitalized

In above program, there are two if inside the loop. The first condition is applied to check and capitalize the first character of string, or first character of first word. And the second if is applied to check for space and then operate with next character from this space, to check and capitalize.

Capitalize First Letter of Each Word using List

This program uses list to do the same job as of previous program. The join() method joins or appends the thing.

print("Enter the String: ")
text = str(input())
textLen = len(text)
textList = list(text)
for i in range(textLen):
    ch = textList[i]
    if i==0:
        ascVal = ord(ch)
        if ascVal>=97 and ascVal<=122:
            ascVal = ascVal-32
            ascVal = chr(ascVal)
            index = 0
            textList[index] = ascVal
            text = "".join(textList)
    if ch==" ":
        ch = textList[i+1]
        ascVal = ord(ch)
        if ascVal>=97 and ascVal<=122:
            ascVal = ascVal-32
            ascVal = chr(ascVal)
            index = i+1
            textList[index] = ascVal
            text = "".join(textList)
print("\nThe New String is:")
print(text)

Here is its sample run with user input, hello Hello 23hello 53Hello hELLO /.- hello:

Capitalize All Words of String using List and upper()

This program uses upper() function to capitalize all words of a given string by user at run-time.

print(end="Enter the String: ")
text = str(input())
textLen = len(text)
textList = list(text)
for i in range(textLen):
    ch = textList[i]
    if i==0:
        ascVal = ord(ch)
        if ascVal>=97 and ascVal<=122:
            index = 0
            textList[index] = ch.upper()
            text = "".join(textList)
    if ch==" ":
        ch = textList[i+1]
        ascVal = ord(ch)
        if ascVal>=97 and ascVal<=122:
            index = i+1
            textList[index] = ch.upper()
            text = "".join(textList)
print("\nThe New String is: " + text)

Here is its sample run with user input, welcome to fresherearth:

Capitalize all Words in String using title() Function

This is the shortest program to capitalize all words of a given string using title() function:

print(end="Enter the String: ")
text = str(input())
text = text.title()
print("\nThe New String is: " + text)

This program produces the same output as of previous program.

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